11.1 Plants are adapted to living on land.

Vocabulary: vascular system, transpiration Review (11.1) 1. Plants are multicellular with cells that have a nucleus and a cell wall. They are producers and have a two-stage life cycle. 2. A leaf is suited for photosynthesis, having cells with many chloroplasts at its surface. Xylem brings in water. Stomata let in carbon dioxide. The cuticle keeps water in. Phloem transports sugars. 3. xylem and phloem 4. Stomata, regulate the amount of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor that enters and exits the plant. 5. Soft-stemmed plants have green stems, with cells that have chloroplasts. Woody stems are brown or grey; the cells do not have chloroplasts. 6. Plants differ in height. Some are soft-stemmed. Some are woody. They live in many different environments. Yet the basic structure is the same: roots, stems, leaves. All rely on photosynthesis to get needed energy and materials.

Lesson 2.2 Cells capture and release energy.

Lesson Vocabulary: chemical energy, glucose, photosynthesis, chlorophyll, cellular respiration 2.2 review 1. Glucose; most cells store their energy in glucose. 2. It produces food for most organisms. 3. glucose and oxygen 4. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis both produce energy, but the starting materials and the products are reversed in the two processes. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water to convert energy to glucose. Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water. 5. They would die. They need oxygen for cellular respiration. 6. Cellular respiration is like breathing because when you exhale, carbon dioxide and water leave your body. When you inhale, oxygen enters your body.